immanis Latin · revision 6507

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *meh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ɪmˈmaː.nɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [imˈmaː.nis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''immānis''' (neuter immāne, comparative immānior, superlative immānissimus); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[in-|t=not]] and Old Latin [[m|la|mānis|t=good]], related to [[māne]] “in the morning” and [[mānēs]] “the spirits of the dead”, from [[ine-pro|*meh₂-|t=timely, good]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citation is Plautus, of savagery.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant savage, brutal, of persons and of character or actions, as in Cicero, then frightful, often with the idea of great size.^(OLD 2012) It came to mean enormous, vast, tremendous, as Caesar's men of gigantic stature and Cicero's huge cups, very great in number or value, as in Varro, and of force or abstract things immense, ''immāne quantum'' meant “a tremendous amount”, as in Sallust.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Döderlein groups it with [[ingēns]] and [[vastus]] as overwhelming greatness, opposed to the becoming greatness of [[magnus]].^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it meant savage, brutal, of animals, people and emotions.^(DMLBS) Italian ''immane'' is a borrowing.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of savagery.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of enormous size.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of gigantic stature.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|Savage]], brutal.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Frightful, monstrous.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Enormous, vast, [[m|en|immense]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Very great, ''immāne quantum'', a tremendous amount.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[immānitās]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[mānēs]]

+ * [[māne]]

+ * [[ingēns]]

+ * [[vastus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}