mancipium Latin · revision 6464

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Twelve Tables|origins=la manus, la capiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [maŋˈkɪ.pi.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [man̠ʲˈt͡ʃiː.pi.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''mancipium''' ''n'' (genitive mancipiī or mancipī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[manceps]] “purchaser, contractor”, from [[manus]] “hand” and [[capiō]] “to take”, with the suffix [[-ium]]: a taking by the hand.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Isidore of Seville explains it as whatever can be taken by hand and subdued, as a man, a horse or a sheep.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citation is the Twelve Tables, of formal conveyance, and Köbler dates them about 450 BC.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In law it meant the laying hold of a thing before witnesses as a formal way of conveying property, then the full ownership so acquired, with ''mancipiō dare'' and ''accipere'' “to convey, receive by mancipation”, and ''rēs mancipī'' “things so owned”.^(OLD 2012) It meant a slave, as in Plautus, and figuratively a servant or creature, as in Seneca.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein lists it among words for a servant who is not free.^(Döderlein 1874) The spelling ''mancupium'' also occurs.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant legal purchase, ownership, property, a slave.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin it covered several kinds of dependants, including tributaries of a church.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in Spanish and Portuguese ''mancebo'' “young man”.^(Wiktionary) [[en|emancipate]] comes from its verb ''ēmancipāre'' “to release from paternal authority”, in the 1620s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – The Twelve Tables use it of conveyance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a slave.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of ownership and of a servant.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1620s – English ''emancipate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(law)'' Formal conveyance by mancipation.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Full [[m|en|ownership]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|slave]]; a servant, creature.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A dependant.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[mancipārius]]

+ * [[mancipiolum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[manceps]]

+ * [[manus]]

+ * [[capiō]]

+ * [[ēmancipō]]

+ * [[en|emancipate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}