placo Latin · revision 6443

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la placeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɫaː.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈplaː.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''plācō''' (present infinitive plācāre, perfect active plācāvī, supine plācātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is related to [[placeō]] “to please”, from which the OLD derives it.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The deeper origin is uncertain: Pokorny's link with [[ine-pro|*pleh₂-|t=flat]] is rejected by de Vaan, who suggests [[ine-pro|*pleHk-|t=to please]], with only Tocharian relatives.^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short call it of doubtful origin.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of placating someone.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to make favourably disposed someone hostile or offended, conciliate, placate, as Terence's “that she be reconciled to us”, to try to placate, as in Lucilius, and to reconcile with someone, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It meant to calm, soothe the mind, as in Terence, to calm storms, as in Lucretius, and to appease passions and appetites, as Cicero's appeasing of the plebs with games and of anger.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to pacify, appease, make atonement.^(Stelten 1995) Italian ''placare'' and Spanish ''placar'' are borrowings.^(Wiktionary) [[en|placate]] came in the 1670s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of placating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of reconciling and soothing.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of appeasing the plebs.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1670s – English ''placate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|placate]], conciliate.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To reconcile.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To calm, [[m|en|soothe]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To appease (passions).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[complācō]]

+ * [[deplaco]]

+ * [[implācātus]]

+ * [[plācābilis]]

+ * [[plācāmen]]

+ * [[plācāmentum]]

+ * [[plācātiō]]

+ * [[placatorius]]

+ * [[placatrix]]

+ * [[supplex]]

+ * [[plācātus]]

+ * [[implācābilis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[placeō]]

+ * [[plācidus]]

+ * [[en|placate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}