biology English · revision 6432

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1813|origins=grc βίος, grc λόγος}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒi/ ''(UK)''; /baɪˈɑləd͡ʒi/, /baɪˌɑl(ə)ˈd͡ʒi/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|de|Biologie]], also used by Lamarck (French biologie) in 1802,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998) from [[grc|βίος|tr=bíos|t=life]] (see [[bio-]]) and [[-logy]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) Etymonline notes that Treviranus in German and Lamarck in French seem to have coined it independently in 1802.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The study of human life and character: 1813, a sense now obsolete.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) MWU has 1799.^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The science of living things is from 1819.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) In the 1870s biology was also a name for a kind of mesmerism, electro-biology.^(OED 1989) The ''biology'' of an organism, its life processes, follows.^(Collins 2023) [[biological|alt=Biological]] is from 1859.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1802 – German Biologie, French biologie.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1813 – the study of human life (obsolete).^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1819 – the science of living things.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1859 – biological.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The science of living [[organism|alt=organisms]], their structure, function, growth and evolution.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The life processes and characteristics of an organism or group.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[biologist]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[biological]]

+ * [[biologic]]

+ * [[biologism]]

+ * [[bio-]]

+ * [[zoology]]

+ * [[botany]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}