quietus Latin · revision 6424

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *kʷyeh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kʷiˈeː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kʷiˈɛː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''quiētus''' (feminine quiēta, neuter quiētum, comparative quiētior, superlative quiētissimus); first/second-declension participle^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the perfect participle of [[quiēscō]] “to rest”, from [[quiēs]] “rest”, from Proto-Italic *kʷjētos.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Gaffiot 2016) Etymonline and Köbler trace it to [[ine-pro|*kʷyeh₁-|t=to rest, be quiet]].^(Etymonline)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of being at rest and calm.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant at rest, asleep, as in Ovid, inactive, of a period uneventful, aloof from politics or neutral, and of things dormant.^(OLD 2012) Of people it meant quiet, peaceable, unhurried, and of places and circumstances free from disturbance, peaceful, at peace, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Of the sea and weather it meant calm, as in Caesar, and of the mind tranquil, as in Plautus.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein says [[quiēs]] is rest as opposed to activity, [[tranquillitās]] calm in action.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it meant safe, undisturbed, quit, discharged, and of a dispute settled.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in Italian ''cheto'', French ''coi'', Spanish ''quedo'' and Romanian ''încet'' “slow”.^(Wiktionary) Through Old French ''coi'' it is the source of [[en|coy]] in the early 14th century, [[en|quiet]] came in the late 14th century, and [[en|quietus]] “discharge” in the 1530s from Medieval Latin ''quiētus est'' “he is quit”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of rest and calm.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of peaceful countries.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of a calm sea.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 14th century – English ''coy'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # At rest; asleep.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Inactive; neutral; dormant.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|Quiet]], peaceable.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Undisturbed; at peace.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(of sea, weather)'' [[m|en|Calm]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Tranquil, untroubled.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Quit, discharged.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[inquiētus]]

+ * [[quiētō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[quiēscō]]

+ * [[quiētālis]]

+ * [[quiēs]]

+ * [[en|quiet]]

+ * [[en|coy]]

+ * [[en|quietus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}