religo Latin · revision 6402

16 Oct 2026, 08:18 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=la ligō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈrɛ.lɪ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈrɛː.li.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''religō''' (present infinitive religāre, perfect active religāvī, supine religātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[re-|t=back]] and [[ligō]] “to bind”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's first citation is Livius Andronicus, of making something fast.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Livius Andronicus 280/260–before 200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to tie back, tie the hands or hair out of the way, as in Horace and Ovid, to tie up a bag, as in Varro, and to bind fast, as Cicero's Prometheus bound to the rocks and his man tied to a chariot.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant to tether an animal, to bind with an ornamental band, to make fast, secure, and to moor a ship, as Caesar's ships moored to the shore.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Catullus it apparently meant the opposite, to untie.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to bind, fasten.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in French ''relier'' “to bind, connect” and Italian ''rilegare''.^(Wiktionary) Through Old French ''relier'' it is the source of [[en|rely]] in the mid-14th century.^(Etymonline) Later ancient writers such as Servius, Lactantius and Augustine connected [[religiō]] with it, “a bond between humans and gods”, though others derive that word from [[relegō]].^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it of making fast.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of Prometheus bound.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of mooring ships.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-14th century – English ''rely'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To tie back (out of the way); to tie up.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To bind fast; to tether.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To make fast, secure; to [[m|en|moor]] (a ship).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To tie down, attach.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To untie.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[irreligātus]]
+ * [[religamen]]
+ * [[religātiō]]
+ * [[religiō]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[ligō]]
+ * [[en|rely]]
+ * [[en|religion]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}