acuo Latin · revision 6368

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Terence|origins=ine-pro *h₂eḱ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈa.ku.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaː.ku.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''acuō''' (present infinitive acuere, perfect active acuī, supine acūtum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably from an adjective [[ine-pro|*h₂eḱus|t=sharp]], from the root [[ine-pro|*h₂eḱ-|t=sharp]] of [[acus]] “needle” and [[ācer]] “sharp”.^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citation is Terence, of rousing someone.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Terence 190–159 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to sharpen to a point, whet, as Cicero's saw being sharpened and Livy's swords, to sharpen teeth or weapons for a fight, and of a boil to come to a head.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It meant to make sight or mind keener, of instruments shriller, to rouse, incite, as in Terence, and to intensify, as in the Rhetorica ad Herennium.^(OLD 2012) In grammar it meant to accent a syllable, as in Quintilian.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to sharpen, exercise.^(Stelten 1995) [[en|acute]] comes from its participle ''acūtus'' “sharp” in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of rousing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of sharpening.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of accenting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''acute'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|sharpen]], whet.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To make keener; to make shriller.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To rouse, incite.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To intensify.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(grammar)'' To accent.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[acūmen]]

+ * [[acūtātus]]

+ * [[acutus]]

+ * [[exacuō]]

+ * [[peracuō]]

+ * [[praeacuō]]

+ * [[acūtor]]

+ * [[acūtum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[acus]]

+ * [[ācer]]

+ * [[en|acute]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}