aemulor Latin · revision 6344

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la aemulus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈae̯.mʊ.ɫɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛː.mu.lor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aemulor''' (present infinitive aemulārī, perfect active aemulātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[aemulus]] “rivalling” with the verbal suffix -ō, in deponent form.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) An active form ⟨aemulō⟩ also occurs.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of imitating someone's actions.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to vie with, rival, emulate a person, as in Nepos and Livy's rousing of minds to emulation, to imitate someone's actions, and to come near to equalling.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant to copy practices or qualities, as in Terence, to pursue a study as a disciple, to be jealous or envious, as in Propertius, and to take a literary work as a model or copy a work of art.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short note it was used in good and bad senses.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Döderlein says [[imitor]] is just to copy, while ''aemulārī'' is to strive to equal or surpass.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to envy, emulate, rival.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in French ''émuler'' and Italian ''emulare''.^(Wiktionary) [[en|emulate]] came in the 1580s, and [[en|emulation]] from ''aemulātiō''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of imitating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of copying practices.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos uses it of rivalling a person.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1580s – English ''emulate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To rival, vie with, [[m|en|emulate]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To imitate, copy.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be jealous, envious (of).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To take as a model.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[aemula]]

+ * [[aemulātiō]]

+ * [[aemulātor]]

+ * [[aemulātrīx]]

+ * [[aemulātus]]

+ * [[obaemulor]]

+ * [[*subaemulātiō]]

+ * [[subaemulor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aemulus]]

+ * [[imitor]]

+ * [[en|emulate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}