affero Latin · revision 6342

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la ferō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈaf.fɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaf.fe.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''afferō''' (present infinitive afferre, perfect active attulī, supine allātum); third conjugation, suppletive^(Wiktionary)

+ The perfect is ''attulī'' and the participle ''allātum'', and Lewis and Short prefer the spellings ''adf-'' and ''adl-''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[ad-|t=to]] and [[ferō]] “to carry, bring”, with the suppletive perfect ⟨attulī⟩ and participle ⟨allātum⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citation is Ennius, of bringing something along.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to bring with one, deliver, fetch, as in Ennius and Plautus, to bring qualities into a situation, to serve food or administer medicine, and to contribute, confer, with ''auxilium afferre'' “to bring help”.^(OLD 2012) It meant to offer advice or terms, to offer for sale, to bring a person, to bring a case into court, as in Cicero, and to use force, ''manūs afferre''.^(OLD 2012) It meant to introduce something foreign or new, to apply a remedy, to adduce arguments, to report news, and to bring about, cause, as in Plautus and Terence.^(OLD 2012) Of the soil it meant to produce.^(OLD 2012) Plautus has the passive infinitive ''adferrier''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to bring to, bring forth, allege.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of bringing along.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of bringing news and help.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of offering advice and bringing cases.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|bring]], fetch, deliver.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To serve (food); to administer (medicine).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To contribute, confer; to bring (help).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To offer, propose.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To bring (a case to court); to use (force).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To introduce; to apply.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To adduce, allege; to report.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To bring about, cause.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[arferia]]

+ * [[affertor]]

+ * [[allātor]]

+ * [[allātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[auferō]]

+ * [[circumferō]]

+ * [[cōnferō]]

+ * [[dēferō]]

+ * [[differō]]

+ * [[efferō]]

+ * [[ferō]]

+ * [[īnferō]]

+ * [[intrōferō]]

+ * [[offerō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}