amicitia Latin · revision 6332
16 Oct 2026, 07:08 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
Initial text
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la amō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [a.miːˈkɪ.ti.a]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [a.miˈt͡ʃit.t͡si.a]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''amīcitia''' ''f'' (genitive amīcitiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[amīcus]] “friend” with the suffix [[-ia]], and ⟨amīcus⟩ is from [[amō]] “to love”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) An inscription spells it ⟨ameic-⟩.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of friendship.^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is Lucretius.^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant friendship, the bond between friends, as in Cicero's treatise on friendship and his phrases ''amīcitiam contrahere'' “to form a friendship”, a particular friendship, and concretely friends.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant friendly relations between states or rulers, as in Cicero, and an affinity between plants or things.^(OLD 2012) Lucretius has the genitive ''amīcitiāī'' and accusative ''amīcitiem''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant friendship, league, and ''amīcitia mundī'' worldliness.^(Stelten 1995)^(DMLBS) In Medieval Latin it meant a sworn association, a commune, the giving up of a feud, and a friendly settlement.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) Through Vulgar Latin *amīcitās it is the source of Old French ''amistie'', whence [[en|amity]] in the mid-15th century.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of friendship.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of friendship and of relations between states.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-15th century – English ''amity'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # [[m|en|Friendship]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # A friendship; friends.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Friendly relations (between states).^(OLD 2012)
+ # Affinity.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A sworn association; a commune.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[amō]]
+ * [[amīcus]]
+ * [[en|amity]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}