auctoritas Latin · revision 6328

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Twelve Tables|origins=la augeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [au̯kˈtoː.rɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [au̯kˈtɔː.ri.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''auctōritās''' ''f'' (genitive auctōritātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[auctor]] “originator, guarantor” with the suffix [[-tās]], and ⟨auctor⟩ is from [[augeō]] “to increase”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline) Lewis and Short reject the spellings ⟨autor-⟩ and ⟨author-⟩.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citation is the Twelve Tables, of the right of ownership, and Köbler dates them about 450 BC.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In law it meant the right of ownership, title, as the Twelve Tables' ''ūsus auctōritās'' “usucapion”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant authorization, sanction, responsibility for an action, as in Plautus, an informal decree of the senate, a proposal or advice, and guidance.^(OLD 2012) It meant the right to sanction, controlling influence, authority, of laws force, of magistrates command, as in Cicero, and leadership, influence.^(OLD 2012) It meant authoritativeness of speech or style, weight, a weighty opinion, a precedent, prestige, personal ascendancy, as in Terence, and of things repute.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it meant a king's order or ordinance, a charter, a title, and accepted tradition.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) It survives in French ''autorité'', Italian ''autorità'' and Spanish ''autoridad''.^(Wiktionary) Through Old French it is the source of [[en|authority]] about 1200, first of an authoritative passage or book.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – The Twelve Tables use it of ownership.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of responsibility.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of authority and influence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''authority'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(law)'' Title, ownership.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Authorization, sanction; responsibility.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A resolution of the senate; advice.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|Authority]], power, command.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Influence, leadership; prestige.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Weight, reliability; a precedent.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A royal order; a charter.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exauctoritas]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[auctor]]

+ * [[augeō]]

+ * [[en|authority]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}