curriculum Latin · revision 6304

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la currō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kʊrˈrɪ.kʊ.ɫũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kurˈriː.ku.lum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''curriculum''' ''n'' (genitive curriculī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[currō]] “to run” with the suffix [[-culum]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Grammarians cite a masculine ⟨curriculus⟩ from Cicero.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of running and of a race.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant running, with ''curriculō'' “at a run”, as Plautus' ''curriculum facere'' “to make one dash”, and the course of the heavens, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Figuratively it meant a course of action.^(OLD 2012) It meant a race, a lap, a planet's circuit, as in Varro, and the race of life.^(OLD 2012) It meant a racetrack, figuratively a field for one's talents, as in Cicero, and a chariot, especially a racing chariot, as in Varro.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short call it mostly ante-classical.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a course, career.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin it meant a period of time, a chariot, and Charles's Wain.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) [[en|curriculum]] was borrowed in 1824 in the sense of a course of study, and [[en|curricle]] for a light carriage.^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of running and a race.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of a lap and a chariot.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the course of the heavens.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1824 – English ''curriculum'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Running, ''curriculō'', at a run.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A course (of the heavens; of action).^(OLD 2012)

+ # A race; a lap; the race of life.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A racetrack; a field (for talents).^(OLD 2012)

+ # A racing [[m|en|chariot]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[currō]]

+ * [[cursus]]

+ * [[currus]]

+ * [[en|curriculum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}