differo Latin · revision 6297
16 Oct 2026, 06:33 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la ferō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdɪf.fɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdif.fe.ro]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''differō''' (present infinitive differre, perfect active distulī, supine dīlātum); third conjugation, suppletive^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[dis-|t=apart]] and [[ferō]] “to carry”, with the suppletive perfect ⟨distulī⟩ and participle ⟨dīlātum⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Plautus splits it in tmesis, ⟨disque tulissent⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's first citation is Ennius, of scattering.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to carry in different directions, scatter, disperse, to plant out at intervals, as in Varro, and to carry off course.^(OLD 2012) It meant to bewilder, distract, as in Plautus, to spread news abroad, and to spread bad reports about, defame.^(OLD 2012) It meant to postpone, defer, as in Cicero, and to put a person off, keep waiting, as in Livy.^(OLD 2012) Intransitively it meant to differ, be different, and to disagree, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein says ''differre'' is delay in a negative sense, a thing laid aside for the present.^(Döderlein 1874)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to defer, differ, scatter, publish, delay.^(Stelten 1995) French ''différer'' and Italian ''differire'' are borrowings.^(Wiktionary) [[en|differ]] and [[en|defer]] both came in the late 14th century, the latter through Old French ''diferer'', and [[en|dilate]] comes from Late Latin ''dīlātāre''.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of scattering.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of bewildering and of spreading reports.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of postponing and of differing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''differ'' and ''defer'' are recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To scatter, disperse; to plant out.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To distract, bewilder.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To spread abroad; to defame.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To postpone, [[m|en|defer]]; to keep waiting.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(intransitive)'' To [[m|en|differ]]; to disagree.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[differentia]]
+ * [[differitās]]
+ * [[dīlātiō]]
+ * [[dīlātō]]
+ * [[dīlātor]]
+ * [[indifferēns]]
+ * [[differēns]]
+ * [[dīlātōrius]]
+ * [[dīlātūra]]
+ * [[dīlātus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[adferō]]
+ * [[afferō]]
+ * [[auferō]]
+ * [[circumferō]]
+ * [[cōnferō]]
+ * [[dēferō]]
+ * [[dīlātātiō]]
+ * [[dīlātātor]]
+ * [[efferō]]
+ * [[ferō]]
+ * [[en|differ]]
+ * [[en|defer]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}