diversus Latin · revision 6294

16 Oct 2026, 06:30 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Varro|origins=la vertō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [diːˈwɛr.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [diˈvɛr.sus]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''dīversus''' (feminine dīversa, neuter dīversum, superlative dīversissimus, adverb dīversē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is the participle of [[dīvertō]] “to turn aside, go different ways”, from [[dis-]] and [[vertō]] “to turn”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Etymonline) An older spelling is ⟨dīvorsus⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's first citation is Varro, of things facing different ways.^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is Cicero.^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant turned in different directions, of roads diverging, as in Catullus, coming from opposite sides, as in Sallust, and turned another way, as in Caesar.^(OLD 2012) It meant set apart, separate, distant, with ''in dīversa'' “in different directions”, as in Livy.^(OLD 2012) It meant differing in quality or purpose, opposite, as in Ovid, distinct, different from another, the reverse, and of persons holding different views.^(OLD 2012) It meant of the opposing side, hostile, and ''ex dīversō'' “on the other hand, conversely”, as in Seneca and Pliny the Elder, and also varied.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein says [[varius]] is varied in itself, ''dīversus'' different from something else.^(Döderlein 1874)
+ 
+ In Medieval Latin it meant various, and in the plural several.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in French ''divers'' and Spanish ''divieso''.^(Wiktionary) [[en|divers]] came through Old French in the late 13th century, and [[en|diverse]] in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of things facing different ways.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of different things.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of other directions.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 13th century – English ''divers'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Turned different ways; diverging.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Separate, distant, ''in dīversa'', in different directions.^(OLD 2012)
+ # [[m|en|Different]], [[m|en|diverse]]; opposite.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Of the other side, hostile.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''ex dīversō'', on the other hand, conversely.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Varied.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[dīversitās]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[dīverrō]]
+ * [[dīvertō]]
+ * [[vertō]]
+ * [[varius]]
+ * [[en|diverse]]
+ * [[en|divers]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}