divus Latin · revision 6292
16 Oct 2026, 06:28 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *deywós}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdiː.wʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdiː.vus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''dīvus''' (feminine dīva, neuter dīvum, comparative magis dīvus, superlative maximē dīvus or dīvissimus or dīvissumus, adverb dīvē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It continues Old Latin [[m|la|deivos]], from [[itc-pro|*deiwos]], [[ine-pro|*deywós|t=god]], the same source as [[deus]].^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) Inscriptions spell it ⟨deivos⟩.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler's first source is Plautus, whom he dates c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010) Naevius has the adjective.^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ As an adjective it meant divine, of a god, as in Naevius and Cicero, mostly archaic and poetic.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) As a noun it meant a god, as in Plautus, Terence, Lucretius and Livy, with a name in apposition, as in Lucretius, and especially a deified emperor, as ''dīvus Iūlius'' in Virgil.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) The neuter ''sub dīvō'' meant “in the open air”.^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant divine, holy, and as a noun a saint.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin ''sub dīvō'' still meant in the open air, and it meant radiance.^(DMLBS) Italian ''divo'' and ''diva'' are borrowings, and Köbler traces German ''Diva'' to it.^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of gods.^(Köbler 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of gods.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a deified emperor.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # [[m|en|Divine]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|god]]; a deified emperor.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''sub dīvō'', in the open air.^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A [[m|en|saint]].^(Stelten 1995)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[dīva]]
+ * [[dīvīnātiō]]
+ * [[dīvīnātor]]
+ * [[dīvīnātrīx]]
+ * [[dīvīnē]]
+ * [[dīvīnitās]]
+ * [[dīvīnitus]]
+ * [[dīvīnō]]
+ * [[dīvīnus]]
+ * [[dīvum]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[deitās]]
+ * [[deus]]
+ * [[dīs]]
+ * [[dītius]]
+ * [[dīvēs]]
+ * [[Iuppiter]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}