converto Latin · revision 6285

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la vertō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔnˈwɛr.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [koɱˈvɛr.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''convertō''' (present infinitive convertere, perfect active convertī, supine conversum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[con-]] and [[vertō]] “to turn”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) An older spelling is ⟨convortō⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of adapting and of turning to an activity.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to cause to revolve, rotate, as Cicero's heavens, to invert, turn over the soil, as in Columella, and to reverse, rout attackers, as in Caesar, with ''terga convertere'' “to flee”.^(OLD 2012) It meant to direct towards a goal, to turn the eyes towards something, to attract notice, as in Lucretius, and to direct one's attention or a person towards a cause, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) It meant to transfer, divert, to change, transform into something else, as in Cicero, to translate from one language into another, as in the Rhetorica ad Herennium, to adapt, and to bring into a new state of mind.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to change, convert, alter, refresh.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in French and Spanish ''convertir'' and Italian ''convertire''.^(Wiktionary) [[en|convert]] came through Old French about 1300, first of a change of religion.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of adapting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86/82 BC – The Rhetorica ad Herennium uses it of translating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of rotation and transformation.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''convert'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To rotate; to turn over, invert.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To turn back; to put to flight.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To direct (towards); to attract (notice).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To transfer; to divert.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To change, transform; to [[m|en|convert]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|translate]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To adapt.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vertō]]

+ * [[conversiō]]

+ * [[en|convert]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}