copia Latin · revision 6279

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la ops}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkoː.pi.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔː.pi.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cōpia''' ''f'' (genitive cōpiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[cops|alt=cōps]] “well supplied”, from *co-ops, [[con-]] and [[ops]] “resources, power”, with the suffix [[-ia]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of plenty and of opportunity.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a plentiful supply, abundance, as Cicero's abundance of corn and of books, plenty as opposed to want, and the goddess Copia, as in Plautus and Horace, with ''cornū cōpiae'' the horn of plenty.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It meant a number, amount, a body of men, and in the plural troops, forces, as in Caesar.^(OLD 2012) It meant supplies, provisions, resources, and ''prō cōpiā'' “as one's means allow”.^(OLD 2012) In rhetoric ''cōpia dīcendī'' was fluency, and it also meant the means or opportunity of doing something, and access to a person, as in Terence.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein says [[exercitus]] is an army of several legions, ''cōpiae'' troops of several cohorts.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant plenty, supplies, wealth, resources.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin it meant a copy.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in Italian ''copia'' and Spanish ''copia''.^(Wiktionary) [[en|copy]] came in the mid-14th century from Medieval Latin ''cōpia'' “transcript”, and [[en|copious]] from ''cōpiōsus''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of plenty and of the goddess Copia.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of abundance and of fluency.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of troops.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English ''copy'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Abundance]], plenty, ''(personified)'' Copia.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A number, quantity; a body of men, ''(plural)'' troops.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Supplies, provisions; resources.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''cōpia dīcendī'', fluency.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Opportunity, means; access.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|copy]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[copiarius]]

+ * [[cōpiolae]]

+ * [[cōpiōsus]]

+ * [[cornūcōpia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ops]]

+ * [[en|copy]]

+ * [[en|copious]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}