desidero Latin · revision 6278

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=Terence}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [deːˈsiː.dɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [deˈs̬iː.de.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēsīderō''' (present infinitive dēsīderāre, perfect active dēsīderāvī, supine dēsīderātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[dē-]] and an element *sīder- found also in [[cōnsīderō]], perhaps related to [[sīdus]] “star”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short call it of doubtful origin, and Etymonline mentions the guess that it first meant “to await what the stars will bring”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citation is Terence, of longing for someone.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Terence 190–159 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to long for, desire, often an absent or dead person or a lost thing, as in Terence, and to ask for, as Cicero's aspiring to glory.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant to need, require, as in Cicero, to want to know, and to miss, find lacking, as in Varro, and in war to lose, with ''dēsīderātī'' “the missing”, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein says [[requīrō]] is to require as a matter of usefulness, ''dēsīderāre'' to long for as a feeling.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to desire, long for, earnestly wish for.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in French ''désirer'', Italian ''desiderare'' and Romanian ''deșidera''.^(Wiktionary) Through Old French ''desirrer'' it is the source of [[en|desire]] about 1200.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of longing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of missing something.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of desiring glory and of losses in battle.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''desire'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To long for, [[m|en|desire]]; to ask for.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To need, require.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To want to know.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To miss, find lacking, ''(passive)'' to be lost.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēsīderābilis]]

+ * [[dēsīderātiō]]

+ * [[dēsīderātīvus]]

+ * [[dēsīderium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dēsīderāns]]

+ * [[dēsīderātus]]

+ * [[cōnsīderō]]

+ * [[sīdus]]

+ * [[en|desire]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}