agrestis Latin · revision 6268
16 Oct 2026, 06:04 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
Initial text
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la ager}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [aˈɡrɛs.tɪs], [aˈɡrɛs.tiːs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [aˈɡrɛs.tis], [aˈɡrɛs.tis]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''agrestis''' (neuter agreste, comparative agrestior, superlative agrestissimus, adverb agrestius); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ager]] “field” with the suffix ⟨-estris⟩, dissimilated from *agrestris.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's first citations are from Plautus, of rustic persons and boorish behaviour.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant of the fields, as in Livy, and rustic, rural, of persons, gods, places and speech, as Lucretius' rustic Muse.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of animals it meant wild, untamed, as Cicero's animals of land, sea and air, and of plants uncultivated.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It meant boorish, coarse, uncivilized, or simple, unsophisticated, as in Plautus and Cicero.^(OLD 2012) As a noun it meant a countryman, peasant, also as a type of boorishness.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein contrasts [[rūs]], the country as opposed to the town, with [[ager]], the fields.^(Döderlein 1874)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant wild.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin it meant wild, sour, rustic, barbarous, and pagan, and as a noun waste land.^(DMLBS)^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in French, Italian and Spanish ''agreste''.^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of rustic and boorish people.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of a rustic Muse.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of wild animals and coarse speech.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # Of the fields.^(OLD 2012)
+ # [[m|en|Rustic]], rural.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(of animals, plants)'' [[m|en|Wild]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # Boorish, coarse; simple.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ===Noun===
+ # A countryman, peasant.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[sēmiagrestis]]
+ * [[subagrestis]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[ager]]
+ * [[agrālis]]
+ * [[agrārius]]
+ * [[agrāticum]]
+ * [[agricola]]
+ * [[agricultiō]]
+ * [[agricultor]]
+ * [[agricultūra]]
+ * [[agrimēnsor]]
+ * [[agripeta]]
+ * [[rūs]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}