occa Latin · revision 6226

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=Vegetius|origins=ine-pro *h₂oḱ-et-}}

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+ ==Forms==

+ '''occa''' ''f'' (genitive occae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ De Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*oketā-]], [[ine-pro|*h₂oḱ-et-|t=harrow]], from the root [[ine-pro|*h₂eḱ-|t=sharp]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[cy|oged|t=harrow]], [[lt|akėčios|t=harrow]], [[prg|aketes|t=harrow]] and [[grc|ὀξίνα|tr=oxína|t=a toothed harrow]] in Hesychius.^(de Vaan 2008) The double ⟨cc⟩ is hard to explain: Hirt assumed metathesis, *okita > *otika > *otka, while de Vaan also suggests a borrowing from an Italic dialect where *kt became kk.^(de Vaan 2008) Since the verb [[occō]] “to harrow” is attested much earlier, the TLL takes the noun as a back-formation, but de Vaan argues that a first-conjugation verb presupposes a noun.^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan finds it only in late texts and glosses.^(de Vaan 2008) Lewis and Short cite Vegetius, whom Köbler dates c. 400 AD.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a harrow, and is a post-classical word.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Glosses equate it with [[rāstrum]] “rake” and with Greek ''bōlokopēma'' “clod-breaking”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Medieval Latin it was still a harrow, an implement for breaking up the soil.^(DMLBS)

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+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 400 AD – Vegetius uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

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+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|harrow]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(DMLBS)

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+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aceō]]

+ * [[ocris]]

+ * [[occō]]

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}