sponda Latin · revision 6208

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Varro|origins=ine-pro *(s)pend-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈspɔn.da]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈspɔn.da]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sponda''' ''f'' (genitive spondae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*spondā-|t=frame]], [[inh|ine-pro|*spond-h₂-]], probably from the root [[ine-pro|*(s)pend-|t=to spin]] of [[pendō]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) It is an Italo-Celtic word, cognate with [[sga|sond|t=stick]] and [[cy|ffon|t=stick]], and with [[cu|пѧдь|tr=pędĭ|t=span]].^(de Vaan 2008) The Germanic words for “bucket”, such as [[non|spann]], are not related, since they point to a different consonant and meaning.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Varro.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant the frame of a bed or couch, as in Ovid's tale of Baucis and Philemon, and by transfer the bed or couch itself, as in Virgil and Horace.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Martial uses it of a bier.^(Gaffiot 2016) Isidore of Seville says it was the outer side of a bed, the ''pluteus'' being the inner.^(Isidore)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it meant a coffin and its lid, and a bank or embankment.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in Italian ''sponda'' “side, bank”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a couch.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of a bed frame.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The frame of a [[m|en|bed]] or [[m|en|couch]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A bed, couch; a bier.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|coffin]]; a bank.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pendō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}