tibia Latin · revision 6206

+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=Ennius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈtiː.bi.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈtiː.bi.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tībia''' ''f'' (genitive tībiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It has no good Indo-European etymology, and may be a loanword from the same source as [[grc|σίφων|tr=síphōn|t=tube, siphon]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) The original meaning may have been “stalk” or “shin-bone”, since pipes were often made from shin-bones, though “shin-bone” is attested only from Pliny the Elder and Celsus on.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The OLD compares [[lt|staibiai|t=shins]] and [[sa|स्तिभि|tr=stíbhi|t=tuft]], and Köbler a root *twībʰ- “hollow”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citation is Ennius, who wrote that the pipe of the Muses makes a song.^(OLD 2012) De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a reed pipe, a tube with finger holes and a reed mouthpiece, usually played in pairs, as in Plautus, with a curved form used in Asian rites, as Virgil's curved pipe of Bacchus.^(OLD 2012) Pliny the Elder credits Midas with inventing the transverse pipe.^(OLD 2012) In medicine it meant the shin-bone, as in Celsus, and by extension the leg.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) A pipe-player was a [[tībīcen]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it was the shin-bone, also of an animal used as an ice skate.^(DMLBS) It survives in French ''tige'' “stem”.^(Wiktionary) [[en|tibia]] was borrowed in both senses in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of the pipe of the Muses.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a pair of pipes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of the shin-bone.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''tibia'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A reed [[m|en|pipe]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # The [[m|en|shin-bone]], [[m|en|tibia]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[tībiālis]]

+ * [[tībiārius]]

+ * [[tībīcen]]

+ * [[tībīcina]]

+ * [[tibinus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tībīcinium]]

+ * [[tībīcinō]]

+ * [[en|tibia]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}