arvina Latin · revision 6152

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Plautus}}

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+ ==Forms==

+ '''arvīna''' ''f'' (genitive arvīnae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

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+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*arow-i-|t=entrails?]], and notes that [[haruspex]] “diviner from entrails” may share a base *aru-, if either its /h/ is hypercorrect or this word lost an earlier /h/.^(de Vaan 2008) The Greek comedy title [[grc|ὀρύα|tr=orúa|t=sausage]] might attest a Sicilian form of the same word.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) [[grc|ἀρβίννη|tr=arbínnē|t=meat]], which Hesychius ascribes to the Sicels and the OLD and TLL compare, is probably borrowed from Latin or another Italic language.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

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+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

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+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant fat, lard, grease, as in Virgil's armourers who rub shields with rich fat, and Pliny the Elder.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Servius, citing Suetonius, explains it as the hard fat between skin and flesh, and Isidore of Seville as the fat that clings to the skin.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Isidore) In Ecclesiastical Latin it was the fat of a sacrificial victim, as in the Vulgate.^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''Arvīna'' was also a Roman cognomen in Livy.^(Gaffiot 2016)

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+ In Medieval Latin it kept the sense fat, grease, and figuratively grossness.^(DMLBS)

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+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of fat for greasing shields.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of sacrificial fat.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 560–636 AD – Isidore of Seville defines it.^(Isidore)^(Köbler 2010)

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+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Fat]], [[m|en|lard]], [[m|en|grease]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' The fat of a sacrificial victim.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

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+ ==Related words==

+ * [[haruspex]]

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}