calendar English · revision 6125

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1205|origins=la kalendae}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈkæl.ən.də/, US /ˈkæl.ən.dɚ/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is Middle English kalender, [[bor|xno|calender]], corresponding to Old French [[m|fro|calendier|t=list, register]] (modern French calendrier),^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024) from [[la|kalendārium|t=account book]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) from [[m|la|kalendae|t=the calends]], the first day of the Roman month, when debts fell due and accounts were reckoned (see [[calends]]).^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) Etymonline derives this from [[m|la|calāre|t=to announce solemnly, call out]], as the priests did in proclaiming the new moon, from PIE [[ine-pro|*kelh₁-|t=to shout]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The system by which the beginning, length and divisions of the year are fixed: about 1205 in the OED,^(OED 1989) probably before 1200 in Layamon's ''Brut'' in Barnhart.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Rome new moons were observed rather than calculated, and on seeing one the priests declared how many days were left until the nones.^(Etymonline) A table showing the months and days of a given year is from about 1340,^(OED 1989) the mid-14th century in Etymonline.^(Etymonline) The early Church took the word for its register of saints and their feast days,^(Etymonline) and a list of canonized saints is from 1601.^(OED 1989) A list or register of any kind is from about 1400,^(OED 1989) a chronological list of documents with summaries from the late 15th century,^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) and a list of prisoners for trial at the assizes from 1591.^(OED 1989) The -ar spelling is from the 17th century.^(Etymonline) A schedule of events and an ordered list of matters to be dealt with are modern senses.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023) The verb, to enter in a calendar, is from the late 15th century.^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1205 – the system of divisions of the year.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * c. 1340 – a table of months and days.^(OED 1989)

+ * late 15th century – a list of documents.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1591 – a list of prisoners for trial.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1601 – a list of saints.^(OED 1989)

+ * 17th century – the spelling calendar.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A system of reckoning time that fixes the beginning, length and divisions of a [[year]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A table or chart showing the months, weeks and days of a year.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A schedule or list of events, appointments or cases.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A chronological list of documents, with summaries.^(SOED 2002)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To enter in a calendar; to [[schedule]].^(AHD)^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[calendrical]]

+ * [[calendar clock]]

+ * [[calendar day]]

+ * [[calendar month]]

+ * [[calendar year]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[calends]]

+ * [[calender]]

+ * [[intercalate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}