invito Latin · revision 6058

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ɪnˈwiː.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [iɱˈviː.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''invītō''' (present infinitive invītāre, perfect active invītāvī, supine invītātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is uncertain.^(Wiktionary) De Vaan posits a verb [[itc-pro|*wītā-je/o-|t=to pursue]], from [[ine-pro|*wih₁-to-|t=pursued]], prefixed with [[m|la|in-]], the same root as [[invītus]] “unwilling”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Job derives it from a frequentative of the root of [[voveō]], but de Vaan objects that frequentatives are built on the participle, which has o-vocalism in [[vōtus]].^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD compares [[sa|वेति|tr=véti|t=seeks eagerly]] and [[grc|ἵεμαι|tr=híemai|t=to strive]], and some connect it with [[invocō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, who has the old form ''invītassitis''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first senses were to entertain, treat or regale with food and drink, and to give hospitality or shelter.^(OLD 2012) From there it meant to invite to a meal or to one's house, as Terence's urging to invite a man, then of places and conditions to attract, as Lucretius' grass that invites the flocks.^(OLD 2012) It came to mean to urge a course of action, to tempt or incite, and to give occasion for, provoke, as Cicero's people who court flattery.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It survives in Romanian ''învita'' and, as a gaming term, in Spanish and Portuguese ''envidar''.^(Wiktionary) [[en|invite]] came into English in the 1530s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of inviting a guest.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of provoking flattery.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English ''invite'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|entertain]], treat, regale.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To give [[m|en|hospitality]] to.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|invite]] (as a guest).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(of places, conditions)'' To attract.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To urge, request (to a course of action).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To incite, tempt.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To give occasion for, provoke.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[invītātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[invītus]]

+ * [[en|invite]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Gaffiot records a rare adverb ''invītō'' “against one's will”, from [[invītus]], quoted from Plautus by Charisius.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}