jacket English · revision 6028

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=borrowing|attested=1451|origins=fro jaquet}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈdʒæk.ɪt/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is Middle English jaket, [[bor|frm|jaquet|t=short coat with sleeves]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) a diminutive of Old French jaque, a kind of tunic,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) of uncertain origin.^(Etymonline)^(Cresswell 2021) It is probably from Jacques, the name given to the French peasant in the 14th century, because peasants wore it (see [[jacquerie]] and [[jack]]);^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Cresswell 2021)^(MWU 2024) Kluge preferred jaque (de mailles), a coat of mail, from Spanish jaco and Arabic šakk “breastplate”.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) English also had jakke, a quilted tunic, from the late 14th century, and jacket may be an English diminutive of it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A short garment for men: 1451 in Barnhart, 1462 in the OED.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A woman's outer garment of the kind is from 1756,^(OED 1989) and a jockey's silk jacket from 1856.^(OED 1989) ''To dust someone's jacket'', to thrash them, is one of several phrases from the 17th century on.^(OED 1989) An outer covering or casing, as round a boiler or pipe, is from 1815,^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) and the paper wrapper of a book from 1894 in Barnhart and the OED, by 1886 in Etymonline.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) The skin of a potato is also a jacket, as in jacket potatoes.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023) The verb, to put a jacket on, is from 1861.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1451 – a short coat.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1756 – a woman's jacket.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1815 – an outer casing.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1856 – a jockey's jacket.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1861 – the verb.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1894 – a book jacket.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A short [[coat]], usually reaching to the hips, with sleeves and a front opening.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # An outer covering or casing, as for insulating a [[boiler]] or pipe.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A loose paper cover for a book; a dust jacket.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The skin of a baked potato.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cover with a jacket.^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[jacketed]]

+ * [[jacketless]]

+ * [[jacketlike]]

+ * [[bluejacket]]

+ * [[straitjacket]]

+ * [[leatherjacket]]

+ * [[air jacket]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[jack]]

+ * [[jacquerie]]

+ * [[life jacket]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}