rigeo Latin · revision 5979

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Cicero}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈrɪ.ɡe.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈriː.d͡ʒe.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rigeō''' (present infinitive rigēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stems^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*rig-ē-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*Hriǵ-eh₁-|t=to be stretched, be stiff]], a stative verb.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sga|rigid|t=stretches]] and [[mga|ring|t=torture]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Pokorny derived it from [[regō]] “to stretch, rule”, which de Vaan finds unlikely, and Walde and Hofmann from the root of [[frīgus]] “cold”, which would not explain the short vowel.^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan follows Schumacher in positing one verb *reiǵ- “to stretch, bind”.^(de Vaan 2008) Lewis and Short compared [[grc|ῥιγέω|tr=rhigéō|t=to shiver]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Cicero, though [[rigidus]] is older.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to be stiff, rigid or unbending, as Virgil's cloak stiff with gold embroidery and the boxing gloves stiff with lead and iron, and of eyes to be fixed in a stare.^(OLD 2012) Cicero uses it of the parts of the earth stiff with cold, and it was used of limbs numb with cold and of freezing water.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also meant to stand stiffly erect, and of hair to stand on end, as Ovid's ''comae terrōre rigēbant''.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of lands stiff with cold.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil describes a cloak stiff with gold.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid says hair stood on end with terror.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be [[m|en|stiff]], rigid, (of the eyes) to be fixed.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be stiff with cold, numb, (of water) to be freezing.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To stand stiffly erect, (of hair) to stand on end.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dērigeō]]

+ * [[rigator]]

+ * [[rigefaciō]]

+ * [[rigēscō]]

+ * [[rigidus]]

+ * [[rigor]]

+ * [[rigēns]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rigidē]]

+ * [[rigiditās]]

+ * [[rigidō]]

+ * [[rigōrātus]]

+ * [[en|rigid]]

+ * [[en|rigour]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}