cortina Latin · revision 5975

16 Oct 2026, 04:23 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=Plautus}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [kɔrˈtiː.na]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [korˈtiː.na]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''cortīna''' ''f'' (genitive cortīnae); first declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ Its origin is unknown.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Walde and Hofmann and Pokorny connected [[curvus]] “curved”, from a participle *kr̥-to- “bent”, but de Vaan notes that no Indo-European verb forms support a root *(s)ker- “to turn”, so the etymology is unfounded.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, whose Egyptians carry a cauldron round the circus at the games.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant a deep, rounded pot or cauldron, as Cato's and Pliny the Elder's vessels for liquids.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In particular it was the tripod of Apollo at Delphi, shaped like a cauldron, as in Virgil and Ovid.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) Ennius uses it of the vault of the sky, and the poem ''Aetna'' of a water organ.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ Late and Medieval Latin had another ''cortīna'', “curtain”, from ''cors'' “courtyard”.^(Wiktionary)^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus mentions a cauldron carried round the circus.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of the vault of the sky.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of Apollo's tripod.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A rounded pot, [[m|en|cauldron]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # The [[m|en|tripod]] of Apollo.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # The vault of the sky.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A water organ.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[cortīnāle]]
+ * [[cortīnipotēns]]
+ * [[cortinula]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[curvus]]
+ 
+ ==Usage notes==
+ It is unrelated to Late Latin ''cōrtīna'' “curtain, hangings”, from ''cōrt-'' (see [[cohors]]) and ''-īna'', modelled on [[grc|αὐλαία|tr=aulaía|t=curtain]] from [[m|grc|αὐλή|tr=aulḗ|t=courtyard]], which Ambrose uses and which gave [[es|cortina]] and the Bible's ''cortinae'' of the tabernacle.^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(DMLBS)
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}