pecu Latin · revision 5940

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Naevius|origins=ine-pro *péḱu}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɛ.kuː], [ˈpɛ.kʊ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpɛː.ku]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pecū̆''' ''n'' (genitive pecūs or pecū); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*peku-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*peḱ-u-|t=cattle]], from the root [[ine-pro|*peḱ-|t=to pluck, fleece]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) Cognate with [[xum|pequo|t=cattle]], [[sa|पशु|tr=paśú|t=cattle]], [[ae|pasu-|t=cattle]], [[lt|pẽkus]], [[got|𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿|tr=faihu|t=property]] and [[ang|feoh|t=cattle, wealth]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The origin of the long final /ū/ is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008) [[pecus]] “cattle” is the s-stem from the same root.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Naevius, who speaks of men, herds and beasts.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the singular it meant a flock or herd, as Plautus' shepherd who sleeps while his sheep stray bleating from the flock.^(OLD 2012) The plural ''pecua'' meant farm animals, livestock, as in Plautus, Cato and Lucretius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It was mostly an early word, with a dative ''pecuī'' in Lucilius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ From it came [[pecūnia]] “money”, probably from an adjective *pecūnus “rich in cattle”, and [[pecūlium]] “private property”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses the plural ''pecua''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a flock of sheep.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius has the dative plural ''pecubus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|flock]], herd.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(plural)'' Farm animals, [[m|en|livestock]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pecuārius]]

+ * [[pecuatus]]

+ * [[pecuīnus]]

+ * [[pecūnia]]

+ * [[dēpecūlātor]]

+ * [[dēpecūlātus]]

+ * [[dēpecūlor]]

+ * [[pecuālis]]

+ * [[pecuāsco]]

+ * [[pecūlātor]]

+ * [[pecūlātōrius]]

+ * [[pecūlātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pecorālis]]

+ * [[pecorārius]]

+ * [[pecorōsus]]

+ * [[pecudālis]]

+ * [[pecudifer]]

+ * [[pecus]]

+ * [[pecusculum]]

+ * [[pectō]]

+ * [[en|pecuniary]]

+ * [[en|fee]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}