minae Latin · revision 5939

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *men-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈmɪ.nae̯]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈmiː.ne]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''minae''' ''f pl'' (genitive minārum); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*men-ā-|t=projecting part]], from the root [[ine-pro|*men-|t=to stick out, project]], which survives in [[ēmineō]] “to stand out”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The sense went from “projecting part” to “threat”, and the verb [[minor]] “to threaten” was formed from it.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD and Lewis and Short connect [[mōns]] “mountain” and [[mentum]] “chin”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, whose character says he cares no more for great threats than for his maid.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant threats, menaces, as Cicero's threats of death and exile, and by transfer warning signs or portents, as Cicero asks where the threats of the earlier entrails had gone.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In poetry it kept the old sense, the projecting points or pinnacles of walls, as Virgil's ''minae mūrōrum''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Its descendants include [[it|mena]] and [[es|almena]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of great threats.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of threats of death and exile.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil speaks of the pinnacles of walls.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(plural)'' [[m|en|Threats]], menaces.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Warning signs, portents.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(poetic)'' The projecting points of walls, pinnacles.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[minōrō]]

+ * [[minor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[mentum]]

+ * [[mōns]]

+ * [[ēmineō]]

+ * [[en|menace]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}