lorum Latin · revision 5919

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lōrum''' ''n'' (genitive lōrī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) It is compared with [[grc|εὔληρα|tr=eúlēra|t=reins]], Doric [[m|grc-dor|αὔληρα|tr=aúlēra]], and [[xcl|լար|tr=lar|t=cord]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Beekes takes the Greek word as Pre-Greek because of its odd alternation of initial vowels, but the Greek /ē/ against Latin /ō/ looks Indo-European, so de Vaan suggests a borrowing from a lost Indo-European language.^(de Vaan 2008) Lewis and Short reconstructed *vlōrum.^(Lewis & Short 1879) [[lōrīca]] “cuirass” is derived from it, since it was first made of leather, rather than borrowed from [[grc|θώραξ|tr=thṓrax]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, whose character holds out his hands to be tied with straps.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a leather strap or thong for tying, and in the plural a rawhide whip, as Plautus' and Terence's beatings with thongs, and the reins of a horse.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It was also a dog's leash, and in Pliny the Elder a trailing branch of a vine.^(OLD 2012) Juvenal uses it of leather in general, and Petronius and Apuleius have a masculine ''lōrus''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it remained a thong for binding and flogging.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of tying with straps.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence speaks of beating with thongs.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a vine branch.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A leather [[m|en|strap]], [[m|en|thong]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(plural)'' A rawhide whip; the [[m|en|reins]].^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # A dog's lead, [[m|en|leash]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A trailing branch of a vine.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[diloris]]

+ * [[lōrāmentum]]

+ * [[lōrārius]]

+ * [[lōrātus]]

+ * [[lōreus]]

+ * [[lōrīca]]

+ * [[lōripēs]]

+ * [[triloris]]

+ * [[lōrīcō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}