tondeo Latin · revision 5895

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *tend-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈtɔn.de.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈtɔn.de.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tondeō''' (present infinitive tondēre, perfect active totondī, supine tōnsum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*tond-eje-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*tond-eie-|t=to shear]], a causative-iterative of [[ine-pro|*tend-|t=to cut]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[grc|τένδω|tr=téndō|t=to gnaw]] and [[sga|teinnid|t=breaks, cuts]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) The perfect [[m|la|totondī]] may be recent or continue an old *te-tond-.^(de Vaan 2008) A link with *temh₁- “to cut”, the root of [[temnō]], is suggested by the sense but cannot be proven.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to cut or clip the hair, to shave, as Cicero's dancing girl with cropped hair and his ''barbam et capillum'', and to shear sheep or clip a fleece, so that Varro uses it of shearing sheep and of his own hair.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of plants it meant to trim, lop, prune, to mow, and of animals to crop or browse grass.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Figuratively, and very rarely, it meant to fleece someone, to plunder him.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ The ''Appendix Probi'' corrects ''detundo'' to ''tondeo''.^(Appendix Probi) Its descendants include [[fr|tondre]] and [[ro|tunde]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of shearing sheep.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of a dancing girl with cropped hair.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cut the hair of, clip, [[m|en|shave]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|shear]] (sheep); to clip (wool).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To trim, lop, [[m|en|prune]]; to mow, (of animals) to crop, browse.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # (figurative) To fleece, plunder.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[attondeō]]

+ * [[circumtonsus]]

+ * [[dētondeō]]

+ * [[intondeō]]

+ * [[intōnsus]]

+ * [[praetondeō]]

+ * [[retondeō]]

+ * [[tōnsa]]

+ * [[tonsilis]]

+ * [[tōnsiō]]

+ * [[tonsitō]]

+ * [[tōnsor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[temnō]]

+ * [[en|tonsure]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}