madeo Latin · revision 5840
16 Oct 2026, 04:10 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *meh₂d-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈma.de.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈmaː.de.o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''madeō''' (present infinitive madēre, perfect active maduī); second conjugation, no supine stem, impersonal in the passive^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*mad-ē-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*mh₂d-eh₁-|t=to be wet]], a stative verb.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|μαδάω|tr=madáō|t=to be moist]] and, if the Indo-Iranian words come from *meh₂d-, with [[sa|मदति|tr=mádati|t=rejoices, gets drunk]] and [[ae|mada-|t=intoxication]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan agrees with Schrijver that [[sga|maidid|t=breaks]] is unrelated.^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, whose character tells a drunk “you are soaked”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to be wet or sodden, as Cicero's floors swimming in wine and walls dripping, and of eyes to run with tears.^(OLD 2012) In comedy it meant to be drunk, and of food to be softened by boiling, so Plautus' cook promises the dish will be done.^(OLD 2012) By transfer it meant to be steeped in something, as Horace's friend steeped in Socratic dialogues.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ Its derivatives [[madidus]] “wet” and [[madefaciō]] “to make wet” are from the same stem.^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of drunkenness and of cooking.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius has images steeped in art.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero describes walls dripping with wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To be [[m|en|wet]], sodden, dripping.^(OLD 2012)
+ # (Of the eyes) to run with tears.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To be [[m|en|drunk]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # (Of food) to be softened by boiling, be cooked.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To be steeped in, full of.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[commadeō]]
+ * [[madefaciō]]
+ * [[madefio]]
+ * [[madidus]]
+ * [[mador]]
+ * [[madēscō]]
+ * [[madēns]]
+ * [[madulsa]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[madidē]]
+ * [[madidō]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}