polleo Latin · revision 5826

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Naevius|origins=ine-pro *pleh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɔl.le.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpɔl.le.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''polleō''' (present infinitive pollēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stems^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ McCone and Rix derive it from *polnē-, [[ine-pro|*pl̥-n-eh₁-]], a stative verb built on the nasal present of the root *pleh₁- “to fill”, so “to be full”, then “to be strong”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The same root is in [[pleō]] “to fill” and [[plēnus]] “full”, and [[sga|do·lin|t=overflows]] continues the same nasal present.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD calls it doubtful, and Lewis and Short took it from [[potis]] and [[valeō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Festus reports an old spelling [[m|la|polet]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to be strong, powerful, to exert power or influence, as Cicero's wisdom that bids one be powerful and rule, and Caesar's men who were most powerful.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It also meant to have importance, to carry weight, as Cicero says how much it counts in this city to bow to the times.^(OLD 2012) Of medicines and plants it meant to be effective.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Its compound ''aequipollēns'' “of equal power” gave [[en|equipollent]], and the OLD and others connect [[pollex]] “thumb”, the strong finger.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of wisdom that bids one be powerful.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of power.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be strong, [[m|en|powerful]], to have power or influence.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To have importance, carry weight.^(OLD 2012)

+ # (of remedies) To be effective.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[antepolleō]]

+ * [[pollentia]]

+ * [[pollex]]

+ * [[praepolleō]]

+ * [[aequipollēns]]

+ * [[omnipollens]]

+ * [[uīnipollens]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pleō]]

+ * [[plēnus]]

+ * [[valeō]]

+ * [[possum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}