consumption English · revision 5810

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1398|origins=la consumptio}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is Middle English consumpcioun, probably [[bor|fro|consumpcion]] and directly [[bor|la|cōnsūmptiō|t=a using up, wasting]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) from the past participle stem of [[m|la|cōnsūmere|t=to use up, eat, waste]] (see [[consume]]),^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[m|la|com-]], probably intensive, and [[m|la|sūmere|t=to take]],^(Etymonline) from sub- and emere “to buy, take”, from PIE [[ine-pro|*em-|t=to take]].^(Etymonline) The p of the Latin forms was inserted where m stood before a t.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The wasting of the body by disease: 1398 in the OED, before 1398 in Barnhart, in Trevisa's translation of Bartholomew.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) It replaced Old English yfeladl “the evil disease”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Specifically pulmonary consumption, tuberculosis, is from the 1650s.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) Destruction in general is from 1563–87, and decay or wasting away from 1513.^(OED 1989) The using up of material, or eating, is from before 1535, in Sir Thomas More,^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) and in economics, as opposed to production, from 1662.^(Barnhart 1988) The amount consumed, as in ''fuel consumption'', is a modern sense.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023) ''Consumptive'' is from before 1398 as a noun and before 1425 as an adjective.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1398 – a wasting disease.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1513 – decay.^(OED 1989)

+ * a1535 – using up of material.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1650s – tuberculosis.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1662 – in economics.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The using up of something, such as [[food]], [[energy]] or goods.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The amount used: ''fuel consumption''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(economics)'' Spending on goods and services.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(dated)'' [[tuberculosis|alt=Tuberculosis]] of the lungs.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[nonconsumption]]

+ * [[overconsumption]]

+ * [[self-consumption]]

+ * [[underconsumption]]

+ * [[conspicuous consumption]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[consumer]]

+ * [[consume]]

+ * [[consumptive]]

+ * [[assume]]

+ * [[presume]]

+ * [[resume]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}