vito Latin · revision 5793

16 Oct 2026, 03:33 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Plautus}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈwiː.toː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈviː.to]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''vītō''' (present infinitive vītāre, perfect active vītāvī, supine vītātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ Its origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Walde and Hofmann and the OLD took it from *vi-itō “to go out of the way”, but frequentative verbs of that type are recent, which rules out an old form.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan prefers a link with [[invītus]] “unwilling” and [[vīs]] “you want”, from *wih₁-to- “wished for”, with the verb back-formed from a *dē-vītus “avoiding”.^(de Vaan 2008)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, who asks how a woman can avoid vices.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to move out of the way of, dodge weapons and missiles, as Caesar's men avoided the enemy's spears, and to keep out of the way of a person.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It was to keep clear of places, as Cicero says he avoided Brundisium, and to shun a course of action, as Cicero avoiding blame.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ Its compound [[ēvītō]] gave ''ēvītābilis'' and ''inēvītābilis'', the source of [[en|inevitable]] in the mid-15th century.^(Etymonline) It has no Romance descendants, [[fugiō]] and new verbs having replaced it.^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of avoiding vices.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar's men dodge the spears.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero avoids Brundisium.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-15th century – English ''inevitable'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To [[m|en|dodge]], avoid (missiles).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To keep out of the way of (a person).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To keep clear of (a place).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|shun]], [[m|en|avoid]] (an action).^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[ēvītābilis]]
+ * [[ēvīto]]
+ * [[invītō]]
+ * [[vītābilis]]
+ * [[vītātiō]]
+ * [[invītus]]
+ * [[fugiō]]
+ * [[en|inevitable]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}