convicium Latin · revision 5765

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''convīcium''' ''n'' (genitive convīciī or convīcī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is disputed.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The Roman jurists and Festus connected it with [[vōx]] “voice”, as a clamour of many voices, and the OLD and Lewis and Short follow them, but de Vaan thinks this impossible for the form.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008) Leumann suggested a denominative of *convīcī “housemates”; de Vaan prefers a link with [[vinciō]] “to bind”, since scolding encircles someone, from *kom-woik-io-.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus, who tells someone not to make a clamour and an uproar here.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was first an angry noise, a clamour or uproar, as Cicero's ears wearied by noise, and then insulting talk, abuse, reproof or mockery, especially in ''convīcium facere alicui'' “to abuse someone loudly”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Roman law it was a public insult, shouted against a person, a kind of ''iniūria''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein ranks it among words for verbal abuse beside ''maledictum'' and ''probrum''.^(Döderlein 1874) Medieval writers used it for reproach and insult.^(DMLBS) It survives in [[es|convicio]] and [[pt|convício]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of an uproar.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of ears wearied by clamour.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An angry noise, [[m|en|clamour]], uproar.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Insulting talk, [[m|en|abuse]], reproof, ''convīcium facere'', to abuse loudly.^(OLD 2012)

+ # An object of reproach.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[convīciolum]]

+ * [[convīcior]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vinciō]]

+ * [[maledictum]]

+ * [[probrum]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The spelling ''convītium'' is found in manuscripts and was preferred by some editors.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}