egeo Latin · revision 5763

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁eǵ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɛ.ɡe.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛː.d͡ʒe.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''egeō''' (present infinitive egēre, perfect active eguī, future active participle egitūrus); second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a stative verb [[inh|itc-pro|*egē-|t=to lack]], beside an old noun *egos “need”, [[ine-pro|*h₁eǵ-es-|t=lack, need]], which survives in [[egestās]] “poverty” and [[egēnus]] “needy”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[osc|egmo|t=matter, affair]], [[non|ekla|t=lack]] and [[txb|yäk-|t=to neglect]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) [[indigeō]] “to need” contains the old preposition *endo “in”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, whose shipwrecked girls embrace the priestess's knees, in need of help.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to need or want something, usually with the genitive in early Latin and with the ablative from Cicero on, and to be in need of and without something, as Caesar says no one of the people should lack help.^(OLD 2012) Absolutely it meant to be poor, in want, and in the present participle to be devoid of a quality.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein contrasts ''carēre'', to be without something desirable, with ''egēre'' and ''indigēre'', to be without something necessary.^(Döderlein 1874) ''Indigentia'' “need” gave [[en|indigence]] in the late 14th century and [[en|indigent]] about 1400.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of girls in need of help.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it with the ablative, lacking prestige.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''indigence'' is recorded, from ''indigentia''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|need]], want, require.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be in need of and without, to [[m|en|lack]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be poor, needy.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[egēnus]]

+ * [[egestās]]

+ * [[indigeō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aiō]]

+ * [[careō]]

+ * [[en|indigent]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''carēre'' (to be without what is desirable, the opposite of ''habēre'') from ''egēre'' and ''indigēre'' (to be without what is necessary, the opposite of ''abundāre'').^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}