juice English · revision 5722

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1290|origins=la ius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /dʒuːs/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is Middle English jus, juis, [[bor|fro|jus|t=juice, sap, broth]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024) from [[la|iūs|t=broth, sauce, vegetable juice]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) related to Sanskrit yūṣa “soup”, Old Church Slavonic jucha “broth” and Lithuanian jūšė “fish soup”, and perhaps to Greek zýmē “leaven”,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024) from PIE [[ine-pro|*yeue-|t=to blend, mix food]].^(Etymonline) The spellings juyce and juice are from the 16th century.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The liquid part of vegetables or fruits: about 1290 in the OED,^(OED 1989) while Etymonline's first sense, about 1300, is liquid obtained by boiling herbs.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The juice of the grape, wine, is from 1387,^(OED 1989) and the fluids of the body, now usually in the plural, from 1398.^(OED 1989) The figurative sense, the essence or spirit of something, is from about 1380.^(OED 1989) In slang, juice has meant liquor since 1828,^(Etymonline) electricity since 1896, petrol since 1909 and drugs since 1957;^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) Green's Dictionary records it for the profits of an office as early as 1531.^(GDoS) The verb meant to moisten with juice in 1639 and to extract the juice of a fruit from 1629;^(OED 1989) to enliven is from 1964, and ''juiced'', drunk, from 1946.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) ''Juicy'' is from before 1420, in Lydgate, and in the sense “full of interest” from Darwin's letters in 1838.^(Barnhart 1988) In Glasgow, juice also meant gravy or sauce.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1290 – the liquid of fruits and vegetables.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1387 – wine.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1380 – the essence of something.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1629 – to extract juice.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1828 – liquor (slang).^(Etymonline)

+ * 1896 – electricity (slang).^(OED 1989)

+ * 1909 – petrol (slang).^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The liquid in [[fruit]] or vegetables, or a drink made from it.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A fluid produced by the body: ''digestive juices''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The liquid that comes from [[meat]] when it cooks.^(Collins 2023)^(OED 1989)

+ # ''(informal)'' [[electricity|alt=Electricity]] or fuel such as petrol.^(Collins 2023)^(OED 1989)

+ # ''(informal)'' Energy or vitality.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To extract the juice from.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[juiceless]]

+ * [[juice up]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[juicy]]

+ * [[juicer]]

+ * [[verjuice]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}