glory English · revision 5706

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1200|origins=la gloria}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈɡlɔː.ri/, US /ˈɡlɔːr.i/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is Middle English gloire, glorie, [[bor|fro|glorie|t=glory of God; renown; splendour]] (modern French gloire),^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) a learned borrowing of [[la|glōria|t=fame, renown, great praise]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) a word of uncertain origin.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) De Vaan, as cited by Etymonline, notes that a derivation from *gnōria “knowledge, fame”, related to gnārus “known”, fits the meaning but not the sounds.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The splendour of God or Christ, and praise offered to God: probably before 1200 in Barnhart, in the ''Ancrene Riwle''; about 1200 in Etymonline.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The Christian senses come from the Latin Bible's use of gloria for Greek doxa, which had taken on a Hebrew sense of brightness and majesty.^(Etymonline) Boastfulness or vainglory is from 1362,^(OED 1989) and exalted praise or honour accorded by others from about 1385.^(OED 1989)^(Hoad 1986) Something that brings honour, a source of pride, is from 1382,^(OED 1989) and splendour or magnificence from the late 14th century.^(Etymonline) A halo or nimbus is from the 17th century.^(Hoad 1986) The verb, to rejoice or exult, is from about 1350, from Old French gloriier and Latin glōriārī “to boast”.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) ''Glory'' as a devout exclamation, short for ''glory be to God'', is from 1816,^(OED 1989) ''Old Glory'' for the American flag from 1862, and ''glory days'' by 1970.^(Etymonline) Old English expressed the idea with wuldor.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 1200 – the glory of God.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * c. 1350 – the verb, to rejoice.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1362 – vainglory.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1385 – honour, renown.^(OED 1989)

+ * 17th century – a halo.^(Hoad 1986)

+ * 1816 – ''glory!'' as an exclamation.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1862 – ''Old Glory''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Great [[honour]], praise or fame.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Something that brings honour or is a source of [[pride]]: ''the glory of the collection''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Praise and [[worship]] given to God.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Great beauty or [[splendour]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The happiness of [[heaven]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(glory in)'' To rejoice proudly in something.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[gloryingly]]

+ * [[Gloria]]

+ * [[glorification]]

+ * [[glorify]]

+ * [[glorious]]

+ * [[glory-of-the-snow]]

+ * [[glory-of-the-sun]]

+ * [[vainglory]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ In Scots, Irish and Yorkshire dialect ''my glory!'' is an exclamation of surprise.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}