rado Latin · revision 5691

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Twelve Tables}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈraː.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈraː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rādō''' (present infinitive rādere, perfect active rāsī, supine rāsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*rasd-e/o-]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[cy|rhathu|t=to scrape, rasp]] and [[br|rahein|t=to scrape, shave]], from a Celtic *rasd-, and the root is not found outside Latin and Celtic.^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL) [[rāmentum]] “scraping” and [[rāllum]] “ploughshare scraper” are derived from it.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD compares [[sa|रदति|tr=rádati|t=scratches, gnaws]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from the Twelve Tables, whose funeral law forbade women to scratch their cheeks.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Plautus' crow scratches the ground with its feet.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to scrape, scratch or rasp, as Lucretius' voice that scrapes the throat, and to pare away or scrape off.^(OLD 2012) It was to shave a person, his head or his hair, as a freed slave shaved his head, as opposed to ''tondēre'' “to clip”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also meant to rub smooth or file, as a book polished with the file, and to graze or brush past, as Propertius' oars that skim the water.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It survives in [[it|radere]] and Romanian ''rade''.^(Wiktionary) Medieval Latin ''rāsāre'' gave Old French ''raser'', the source of [[en|raze]], [[en|rase]] and [[en|razor]], and its compounds gave [[en|erase]] and [[en|abrade]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – The Twelve Tables use it.^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus' crow scratches the ground.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius' voice scrapes the throat.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''razor'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1600 – English ''erase'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|scrape]], scratch, rasp.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To pare away, scrape off.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|shave]] (a person, the head, hair).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To rub smooth, file.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To graze, brush, skim past.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abrādō]]

+ * [[adrādō]]

+ * [[circumrādō]]

+ * [[corrādō]]

+ * [[dērādō]]

+ * [[dirado]]

+ * [[ērādō]]

+ * [[interrādō]]

+ * [[irrādō]]

+ * [[irrāsus]]

+ * [[praerasus]]

+ * [[rādula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rōdō]]

+ * [[tondeō]]

+ * [[en|raze]]

+ * [[en|razor]]

+ * [[en|erase]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}