saepes Latin · revision 5669

16 Oct 2026, 03:23 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Cicero}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsae̯.peːs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsɛː.pes]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''saepēs''' ''f'' (genitive saepis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ Its origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan finds it tempting to derive a *saipi- “packed, fenced” from the root *seh₂i- “to bind”, but a suffix *-p- is not known, and [[xum|seples|t=nails]] may be related.^(de Vaan 2008) Pokorny compared [[grc|αἱμασιά|tr=haimasiá|t=wall of dry stones]], which Wiktionary calls phonetically unlikely.^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) The adverb [[saepe]] “often” comes from a neuter *saipi “closely packed”.^(de Vaan 2008)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ De Vaan dates it from Varro, who has the nominative ''saeps''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates it from Cicero.^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC and Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was anything planted or built to form a barrier, a hedge or fence, as Caesar describes the Nervii's hedges of bent saplings that stopped cavalry and Virgil the hedge humming with bees.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) By transfer it was any enclosure, as Cicero's barrier of rocks, and Apuleius' eyebrows that fence the eyes.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ It survives in [[it|siepe]] “hedge”.^(Wiktionary) Medieval British charters used it for hedges and fences of many kinds.^(DMLBS)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 116–27 BC – Varro has the form ''saeps''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar describes the hedges of the Nervii.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil speaks of a hedge.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|hedge]], [[m|en|fence]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # An enclosure, barrier.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[saepe]]
+ * [[saepiō]]
+ 
+ ==Usage notes==
+ It is also spelled ''sēpēs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}