sanus Latin · revision 5668

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsaː.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsaː.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sānus''' (feminine sāna, neuter sānum, comparative sānior, adverb sānē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*sāno-]], mechanically [[ine-pro|*seh₂-no-]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) It might come from the root *seh₂- “to tie”, as “in place, in order”, or from *sh₂- “to satisfy” of [[satis]] “enough” and [[lt|sotus|t=sated]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The OLD calls it doubtful.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus, whose lover would rather be sick than be healthier at another's cost.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant physically sound, healthy, and of things in good condition, undamaged, as Plautus' twenty minae safe and sound.^(OLD 2012) Most often in comedy it meant of sound mind, sane, sensible: Plautus' ''sānun es?'' “are you mad?” is frequent.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of orators and style it meant sound and correct, as Cicero's sober, healthy speakers.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein says ''sānus'' is healthy as opposed to ill, ''salvus'' safe as opposed to lost.^(Döderlein 1874) It survives in [[it|sano]], [[fr|sain]] and [[es|sano]], and [[en|sane]] was formed in 1721 from ''insane'' or from Latin.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus asks ''sānun es?'' “are you in your right mind?”^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of sound orators.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''sanity'' is recorded, “health”.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1721 – English ''sane'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Healthy, physically sound.^(OLD 2012)

+ # In good condition, undamaged.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of sound mind, [[m|en|sane]], sensible, sober.^(OLD 2012)

+ # (of style) Sound, correct.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[īnsānus]]

+ * [[persānus]]

+ * [[Sānātēs]]

+ * [[sanifer]]

+ * [[sānitās]]

+ * [[sānō]]

+ * [[vēsānus]]

+ * [[sānābilis]]

+ * [[sānātiō]]

+ * [[sānātor]]

+ * [[sānātōrius]]

+ * [[sānē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vērus]]

+ * [[salvus]]

+ * [[en|sane]]

+ * [[en|sanity]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''sānus'' and ''sānitās'' (health, as opposed to illness) from ''salvus'' and ''salūs'' (safety, existence).^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}