parricida Latin · revision 5667

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=compound|attested=laws of the kings}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [par.rɪˈkiː.da]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [par.riˈt͡ʃiː.da]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''parricīda''' ''m'' or f (genitive parricīdae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a compound with a second part “killer”, from [[caedō]] “to cut down, kill”; the first part is disputed.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan thinks it was a fairly recent *pāri-kaida “one who kills an equal”, from [[pār]] “equal”, since it shows no syncope.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD follows the older derivation from *pāso- “kinsman”, compared with [[grc|πηός|tr=pēós|t=kinsman by marriage]], which de Vaan finds unconvincing.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) The ancients linked it with [[pater]], hence the sense “father-killer”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, and a law of the kings quoted by Festus has the old nominative [[m|la|paricidas]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant the murderer of a near relation, and, through the false link with ''pater'', especially the murderer of one's father, a parricide.^(OLD 2012) It was also any murderer, and with ''patriae'' a traitor to his country, the “parricide of the fatherland”.^(OLD 2012) The TLL thinks the first part once meant members of the same clan, then all free citizens.^(TLL)

+

+ Medieval writers distinguished it from ''patricīda''.^(DMLBS) Through French it gave [[en|parricide]] in the 1550s, of the person, and in the 1560s, from ''parricīdium'', of the act.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 7th–6th century BC – A law of the kings has the form ''paricidas''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero calls Catiline's associates parricides of the fatherland.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1550s – English ''parricide'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The murderer of a near relation; a [[m|en|parricide]], murderer of one's father.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|murderer]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''parricīda patriae'', a [[m|en|traitor]] to one's country.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[caedō]]

+ * [[pār]]

+ * [[en|parricide]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}