peto Latin · revision 5666

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *peth₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɛ.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpɛː.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''petō''' (present infinitive petere, perfect active petīvī or petiī, supine petītum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*pet-e/o-]], from the root [[ine-pro|*pet(h₂)-|t=to fly]], with a shift from “fly” to “fly towards”, “make for, try to get”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sa|पतति|tr=pátati|t=flies, falls]] and [[grc|πέτομαι|tr=pétomai|t=to fly]]; [[penna]] “feather” and [[impetus]] “attack” are from the same root.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) The perfect [[m|la|petīvī]] was probably made after [[m|la|cupīvī]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Livius Andronicus.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler dates him 280/260–before 200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to make for a place or person, to resort to, and to go for with hostile intent, to attack, aim at with a weapon, or attempt someone's life.^(OLD 2012) From pursuing it came to mean to seek or look for, as Ennius' Argonauts seeking the golden fleece, to try to obtain, to ask for or beg, and to sue for office or for a woman's hand.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In law it was to claim at law.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Döderlein says ''petere'' and ''rogāre'' are the general words for asking, between ''poscere'' “to demand” and ''ōrāre'' “to beg”.^(Döderlein 1874) Its compounds and derivatives gave [[en|appetite]], [[en|compete]], [[en|repeat]], [[en|petition]] and [[en|petulant]].^(Etymonline) It survives in [[es|pedir]] and [[pt|pedir]] “to ask for”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius' Argonauts seek the golden fleece.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius' dog goes for the stone thrown at it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English ''petition'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To make for, go to, [[m|en|resort]] to.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To go for, [[m|en|attack]]; to aim at (with a weapon).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To chase, pursue.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To seek, look for; to try to obtain.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To ask for, [[m|en|request]], beg.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To stand for (an office); to woo (a woman).^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # (law) To claim, sue for.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[appetō]]

+ * [[competō]]

+ * [[expetō]]

+ * [[impetō]]

+ * [[oppetō]]

+ * [[perpes]]

+ * [[perpetītus]]

+ * [[perpetuus]]

+ * [[petāx]]

+ * [[petessō]]

+ * [[petītiō]]

+ * [[petītor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[patior]]

+ * [[penna]]

+ * [[impetus]]

+ * [[en|petition]]

+ * [[en|appetite]]

+ * [[en|compete]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''petere'' and ''rogāre'' (to ask, generally), ''poscere'' (to demand) and ''ōrāre'' (to beg).^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}