summary English · revision 5658

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1432–50|origins=la-med summarius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈsʌm.ər.i/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The adjective is [[bor|la-med|summārius|t=of the sum or substance]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) from [[la|summa|t=whole, totality, gist]] (see [[sum]]) and the suffix [[m|la|-ārius]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) The noun, from 1509, is from Latin summārium “an epitome, abstract”.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Of a statement, containing only the main points: 1432–50 in the OED, in a translation of Higden's ''Polychronicon'',^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) and Etymonline has the early 15th century.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The noun, a summary account, followed in 1509.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) The sense “done promptly, without delay or formality” is from Swift's ''Cadenus and Vanessa'' (1713),^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) and in law summary proceedings, carried out quickly without a jury, are from 1765–8.^(OED 1989) ''Summarize'' is from 1871.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1432–50 – the adjective, brief.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1509 – the noun.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1713 – done without delay.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1765–8 – in law, summary proceedings.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1871 – ''summarize''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A short account of the main points of something; an [[abstract]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Giving the main points; [[concise]].^(AHD)

+ # Done quickly and without [[formality]]: ''a summary execution''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(law)'' Of proceedings, short and without the delays of a full [[trial]].^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[summarily]]

+ * [[summariness]]

+ * [[summarize]]

+ * [[summary court-martial]]

+ * [[summary judgment]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sum]]

+ * [[summa]]

+ * [[summit]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}