corium Latin · revision 5626

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *(s)ker-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔ.ri.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔː.ri.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''corium''' ''n'' (genitive coriī or corī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*korjo-]], probably from [[ine-pro|*kor-o-|t=what is torn or peeled off]], from the root *(s)ker- “to cut”, hence “bark, skin”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sa|चर्मन्|tr=cárman|t=hide, skin]] and [[cu|кора|tr=kora|t=bark]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) [[cortex]] “bark” and [[scortum]] “hide” are related.^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, where a slave says his master is covered with an elephant's hide.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Plautus also has a masculine ''corius''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was the thick skin of an animal, its hide, and the hide stripped off and used as leather, as a slave jokes that three hides were worn out on his back.^(OLD 2012) By transfer it was the skin or rind of fruit, and a layer or coating of any material, such as a course of masonry in Vitruvius.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Medieval writers distinguished fresh, salted, tanned and tawed hides.^(DMLBS) It survives in [[it|cuoio]], [[fr|cuir]] and [[es|cuero]], all “leather”.^(Wiktionary) Late Latin ''coriācea vestis'' “leather garment” gave [[en|cuirass]] through French, ''excoriāre'' gave [[en|excoriate]], and anatomy took [[en|corium]] for the inner layer of the skin in 1836.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of an elephant's hide.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of animal hides.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''excoriate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1836 – English ''corium'' is recorded in anatomy.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|hide]], skin (of an animal).^(OLD 2012)

+ # A hide, [[m|en|leather]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # The rind, peel (of fruit).^(OLD 2012)

+ # A layer, coating; a course (of masonry).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[coriāceus]]

+ * [[coriāgō]]

+ * [[coriārius]]

+ * [[coriolum]]

+ * [[decorio]]

+ * [[excoriō]]

+ * [[dūricorius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cortex]]

+ * [[scortum]]

+ * [[en|cuirass]]

+ * [[en|excoriate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}