thirty English · revision 5606
16 Oct 2026, 03:03 by bogdan “en10k b0213: vital … possession” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 725, Beowulf}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: UK /ˈθɜː.ti/, US /ˈθɝː.t̬i/^(Roach et al. 2011)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is Middle English thritti, later thirty by metathesis of r and i,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) [[inh|ang|þrītiġ]], formed from [[m|ang|þrīe|t=three]] and [[m|ang|-tiġ|t=group of ten]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) Old Frisian thritich, Dutch dertig and German dreissig are similar formations.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) See [[three]] and [[-ty]].^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The number: Old English þrītig is in Beowulf, about 725,^(Barnhart 1988) and the OED's first quotation is from about 950.^(OED 1989)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ The spelling with thi- is from before 1350 in Barnhart and the late 14th century in Etymonline;^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) NODE says it appears in literature in the 15th century and has prevailed since the 16th.^(NODE 1998) Thirty minutes past the hour, as in six-thirty, is from 1870.^(OED 1989) ''The Thirty Years' War'' (1618–48) is named so from 1842.^(Etymonline) In printing and telegraphy, the symbol -30- marked the end of a story or dispatch from 1895, and later became newspaper slang for “the end”.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 725 – þrītig, in Beowulf.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * before 1350 – the form thurtty.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * 1870 – in telling the time.^(OED 1989)
+ * 1895 – -30-, the end of a story.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Modern meaning==
+ ===Number===
+ # The number equal to three times [[ten]]; 30.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+
+ ===Noun===
+ # ''(thirties)'' The numbers from 30 to 39, especially as years of a century or of a person's life.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+ # ''(tennis)'' The second point scored in a game.^(AHD)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[thirtieth]]
+ * [[thirtyish]]
+ * [[thirty-eight]]
+ * [[thirty-eighth]]
+ * [[thirty-first]]
+ * [[thirty-four]]
+ * [[thirty-fourth]]
+ * [[thirty-five]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[three]]
+ * [[thirteen]]
+ * [[third]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}