solium Latin · revision 5558

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *sed-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsɔ.li.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsɔː.li.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''solium''' ''n'' (genitive soliī or solī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably [[inh|itc-pro|*sodjo-|t=seat]], [[inh|ine-pro|*sod-yo-|t=seat]], from the root of [[sedeō]] “to sit”, with /d/ becoming /l/ as in [[oleō]] beside [[odor]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sga|suide|t=seat]].^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan finds Walde and Hofmann's objection unconvincing, since a bathtub is a sitting bath.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus, who speaks of the spring that rises under the throne of Jupiter.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Cato lists high-backed chairs and tubs among a farm's equipment.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a high-backed chair, as the chair of the head of a household or of a patron receiving clients, and especially a royal chair or throne, of gods and kings.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) By its shape it was also a bathtub, especially a single bath in a bathhouse, and a kind of sarcophagus.^(OLD 2012) Isidore says kings sit on it for protection.^(Isidore)

+

+ In medieval Latin ''solium rēgnī'' was the royal dignity, and of God it was the throne of judgement.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) It survives in [[it|soglio|t=throne]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of the throne of Jupiter.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato lists chairs and tubs on a farm.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius speaks of a tub of hot water.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A high-backed [[m|en|chair]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|throne]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|bathtub]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A sarcophagus.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Royal or episcopal dignity.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[soliar]]

+ * [[soliāris]]

+ * [[archisolium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sedeō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}