sodalis Latin · revision 5556
16 Oct 2026, 02:57 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
Initial text
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Lapis Satricanus|origins=ine-pro *swe-dʰh₁-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [sɔˈdaː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [soˈdaː.lis]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''sodālis''' ''m'' or f (genitive sodālis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[itc-pro|*sweþāli-]], a derivative in [[-ālis]] of a stem *swedʰ- “custom”, from [[ine-pro|*swe-dʰh₁-|t=to set as one's own, custom]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[sa|स्वधा|tr=svadhā́|t=custom, own nature]] and [[grc|ἔθος|tr=éthos|t=custom]], and related to [[suēscō]] “to become used to”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ De Vaan dates it from the archaic inscription called the ''Lapis Satricanus'', with the form ''suodales''.^(de Vaan 2008) Plautus speaks of attending to one's comrade.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It was a fellow member of a fraternity meeting for religious or social purposes, and in general an intimate companion, comrade or crony.^(OLD 2012) Horace calls the river Hebrus the “companion of winter”.^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ Medieval writers used it of members of a monastic convent and of the Order of the Garter.^(DMLBS) Its derivative [[sodālitās]] gave [[en|sodality]] about 1600.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus speaks of a comrade.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1600 – English ''sodality'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A member of a fraternity.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A [[m|en|companion]], [[m|en|comrade]].^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[sodālicius]]
+ * [[sodālitās]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[suēscō]]
+ * [[en|sodality]]
+
+ ==Usage notes==
+ Döderlein distinguishes [[socius]], partners bound by common interests, from ''sodālis'', friends bound by a shared enjoyment of life.^(Döderlein 1874)
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}